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RUFFELL, A., SIMMS, M. J., WIGNALL, P. B. (2016) The Carnian Humid Episode of the late Triassic: a review. Geological Magazine, 153 (2) 271-284 doi:10.1017/s0016756815000424

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Reference TypeJournal (article/letter/editorial)
TitleThe Carnian Humid Episode of the late Triassic: a review
JournalGeological Magazine
AuthorsRUFFELL, A.Author
SIMMS, M. J.Author
WIGNALL, P. B.Author
Year2016 (March)Volume153
Issue2
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP)
DOIdoi:10.1017/s0016756815000424Search in ResearchGate
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Mindat Ref. ID261013Long-form Identifiermindat:1:5:261013:3
GUID0
Full ReferenceRUFFELL, A., SIMMS, M. J., WIGNALL, P. B. (2016) The Carnian Humid Episode of the late Triassic: a review. Geological Magazine, 153 (2) 271-284 doi:10.1017/s0016756815000424
Plain TextRUFFELL, A., SIMMS, M. J., WIGNALL, P. B. (2016) The Carnian Humid Episode of the late Triassic: a review. Geological Magazine, 153 (2) 271-284 doi:10.1017/s0016756815000424
In(2016, March) Geological Magazine Vol. 153 (2) Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract/NotesAbstractFrom 1989 to 1994 a series of papers outlined evidence for a brief episode of climate change from arid to humid, and then back to arid, during the Carnian Stage of the late Triassic Epoch. This time of climate change was compared to marine and terrestrial biotic changes, mainly extinction and then radiation of flora and fauna. Subsequently termed, albeit incorrectly, the Carnian Pluvial Event (CPE) by successive authors, interest in this episode of climatic change has increased steadily, with new evidence being published as well as several challenges to the theory. The exact nature of this humid episode, whether reflecting widespread precipitation or more local effects, as well as its ultimate cause, remains equivocal. Bed-by-bed sampling of the Carnian in the Southern Alps (Dolomites) shows the episode began with a negative carbon isotope excursion that lasted for only part of one ammonoid zone (A. austriacum). However, that the Carnian Humid Episode represents a significantly longer period, both environmentally and biotically, is irrefutable. The evidence is strongest in the European, Middle Eastern, Himalayan, North American and Japanese successions, but not always so clear in South America, Antarctica and Australia. The eruption of the Wrangellia Large Igneous Province and global warming (causing increased evaporation in the Tethyan and Panthalassic oceans) are suggested as causes for the humid episode.


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