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Kruťaite

A valid IMA mineral species
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00415340017271924386918.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
06748370017271924406467.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
00145390017271924433291.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
00415340017271924386918.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
06748370017271924406467.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
00145390017271924433291.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
00415340017271924386918.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
07334760017271924442845.jpg
Kruťaite

El Dragón mine, Porco Municipality, Antonio Quijarro Province, Potosí, Bolivia
Hide all sections | Show all sections

About KruťaiteHide

04968510017271924474745.jpg
Tomáš J. Kruťa
Formula:
CuSe2
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
6.53 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Pyrite Group
Name:
Named in 1972 by Zdenek Johan, Paul Picot, Roland Pierrot, and Milan Kvacek in honor of Tomáš Josef Kruťa (14 February 1906, Brno, Czech Republic – 18 January 1998, Brno, Czech Republic), mineralogist and mineral collector. He was Director of the Mineralogy Laboratory, Moravian Museum, Brno, Czech Republic and wrote a couple of books about minerals from the area.
Dimorph of:
Petříčekite
Krut'aite-Trogtalite Series.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2279
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2279:4

IMA Classification of KruťaiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
First published:
1972

Classification of KruťaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2025):
2.EB.05a

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.
Dana 8th ed.:
2.12.1.8

2 : SULFIDES
12 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:2
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.1.15

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
KrtIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
KrtThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of KruťaiteHide

Lustre:
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Density:
6.53 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of KruťaiteHide

Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)
400nm33.8%
420nm34.2%
440nm34.4%
460nm34.4%
470nm34.3%
480nm34.2%
500nm33.6%
520nm33.0%
540nm32.3%
546nm32.0%
560nm31.4%
580nm30.6%
589nm30.1%
600nm29.7%
620nm29.0%
640nm28.3%
650nm28.1%
660nm28.0%
680nm28.0%
700nm28.4%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 34.4%.
Colour in reflected light:
Gray with a slight bluish tint compared to clausthalite. Hematite appears distinctly bluer. Dark gray when immersed, but with thin cobalt-rich zones of cream-gray color.
Comments:
Nickel rich material can have reflectivities about 5% higher.

Chemistry of KruťaiteHide

Mindat Formula:
CuSe2
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Se71.307 %
Cu28.693 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Cu, Se - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Co,Ni,Fe,Hg

Crystallography of KruťaiteHide

Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3 (2/m 3) - Diploidal
Space Group:
Pa3
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.06 Å
Unit Cell V:
222.55 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Pa-3

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.712 Å(100)
3.023 Å(90)
2.477 Å(80)
1.827 Å(60)
1.678 Å(40)
1.166 Å(40)
1.618 Å(30)
Comments:
Petrovice, Czech Republic. The data are from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of KruťaiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Petrovice, Nové Město na Moravě, Žďár nad Sázavou District, Vysočina Region, Czech Republic
General Appearance of Type Material:
As grains to a few tenths of a millimeter. Most often as hypidiomorphic crystals, included in clausthalite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, Paris, France, number 50853 (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Hydrothermal.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
BerzelianiteCalciteClausthaliteDolomiteEskebornite
FerroseliteHematiteKlockmannitePitchblendeUmangite

Synonyms of KruťaiteHide

Other Language Names for KruťaiteHide

Dutch:Kruťaiet
Simplified Chinese:方硒铜矿
Spanish:Krutaita
Traditional Chinese:方硒銅礦

Relationship of Kruťaite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Pyrite Group
Other Members of Pyrite Group:
AurostibiteAuSb2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
CattieriteCoS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
DzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
ErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
FukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
GaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
GeversitePtSb2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
HaueriteMnS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
InsizwaitePt(Bi,Sb)2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
LauriteRuS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Penroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
PyriteFeS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
SperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
TrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
VaesiteNiS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Villamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
Forms a series with:
TrogtaliteKrut'aite-Trogtalite Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
83 photos of Kruťaite associated with ClausthalitePbSe
68 photos of Kruťaite associated with KlockmanniteCuSe
59 photos of Kruťaite associated with Penroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2
55 photos of Kruťaite associated with GoethiteFe3+O(OH)
47 photos of Kruťaite associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
23 photos of Kruťaite associated with ChalcomeniteCuSeO3 · 2H2O
23 photos of Kruťaite associated with WatkinsoniteCu2PbBi4(Se,S,Te)8
20 photos of Kruťaite associated with EldragóniteCu6BiSe4(Se2)
20 photos of Kruťaite associated with PetroviciteCu3HgPbBiSe5
18 photos of Kruťaite associated with UmangiteCu3Se2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

2.EB.SelenolauriteRuSe2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.AndrieslombaarditeRhSbSIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.Iridarsenite(Ir,Ru)As2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.Kanatzidisite(SbBiS3)2Te2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.05aVaesiteNiS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aHaueriteMnS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aLauriteRuS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGaotaiiteIr3Te8Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aPenroseite(Ni,Co,Cu)Se2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aFukuchiliteCu3FeS8Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aVillamanínite(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2Tric.
2.EB.05aErlichmaniteOsS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aSperrylitePtAs2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aGeversitePtSb2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aCattieriteCoS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aAurostibiteAuSb2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aTrogtaliteCoSe2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a vCayeuxite
2.EB.05aPyriteFeS2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05aInsizwaitePt(Bi,Sb)2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05bBambollaiteCu(Se,Te)2Tet.
2.EB.05aDzharkeniteFeSe2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.10aMarcasiteFeS2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10eParacostibiteCoSbSOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10fOeniteCoSbAsOrth.
2.EB.10ePararammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10aMattagamiteCoTe2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFrohbergiteFeTe2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10dCostibiteCoSbSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10bAlloclasiteCo1-xFexAsSMon. 2 : P21
2.EB.10cGlaucodot(Co0.50Fe0.50)AsSOrth. mm2 : Pmn21
2.EB.10aPetříčekiteCuSe2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aKulleruditeNiSe2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10aFerroseliteFeSe2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15bSeinäjokiteFeSb2Orth.
2.EB.15aRammelsbergiteNiAs2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aClinosaffloriteCoAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
2.EB.15cPaxiteCuAs2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.15aNisbiteNiSb2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aLöllingiteFeAs2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aSafflorite(Co,Ni,Fe)As2Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15aOmeiite(Os,Ru)As2Orth.
2.EB.15aAnduoite(Ru,Os)As2Orth.
2.EB.20ArsenopyriteFeAsSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.20Ruarsite(Ru,Os)AsSMon.
2.EB.20Osarsite(Os,Ru)AsSMon.
2.EB.20GudmunditeFeSbSMon. 2/m : P21/b
2.EB.25MayingiteIrBiTeIso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MaslovitePtBiTeIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25ParagersdorffiteNi(As,S)2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25OrthogersdorffiteNiAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25JolliffeiteNiAsSeIso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25CobaltiteCoAsSOrth. mm2 : Pca21
2.EB.25GuixiangiteNiBiSIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25TestibiopalladitePdSbTeIso.
2.EB.25 vaAntimony-bearing GersdorffiteNi(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25KalungaitePdAsSeIso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25Hollingworthite(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsSIso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25MicheneritePdBiTeIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25GersdorffiteNiAsSIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25MilotaitePdSbSeIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25TolovkiteIrSbSIso.
2.EB.25PlatarsitePt(As,S)2Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25WillyamiteCoSbS
2.EB.25ChangchengiteIrBiSIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25KvačekiteNiSbSeIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25KrutoviteNiAs2Iso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25PadmaitePdBiSeIso. 4 3 2
2.EB.25UllmanniteNiSbSIso. 2 3 : P21 3
2.EB.25Irarsite(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsSIso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.30UrvantsevitePd(Bi,Pb)2Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35RheniiteReS2Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KruťaiteHide

References for KruťaiteHide

Reference List:
Gattow, G. (1965) Über Kupfer-Chalkogen-Verbindungen. VII. Die Kristallstruktur von CuSe2. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, 340 (5). 312-318 doi:10.1002/zaac.19653400509
Bernardini, G.P., Catani, A. (1968) The Cu-Se system. Mineralium Deposita, 3 (4). 375-380 doi:10.1007/bf00207529
HULL, G. W., HULLIGER, F. (1968) CuSe2, a Marcasite Type Superconductor. Nature, 220 (5164). 257-258 doi:10.1038/220257a0
Johan, Zdenek, Picot, Paul, Pierrot, Roland, Kvacek, Milan (1972) La krutaïte, CuSe2, un nouveau minéral du groupe de la pyrite. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 95 (4) 475-481 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1972.6712
Fleischer, M. (1974) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 59: 208-212.
Kjekshus, Arne, Rakke, Trond, Andresen, Arne F., Southern, J. T. (1974) Compounds with the Marcasite Type Crystal Structure. IX. Structural Data for FeAs2, FeSe2, NiAs2, NiSb2, and CuSe2. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 28. 996-1000 doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.28a-0996
Heyding, Robert Donald; Murray, Ritchie MacLaren (1976) The crystal structures of Cu1.8Se, Cu3Se2, α- and γ-CuSe, CuSe2, and CuSe2II. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 54 (6). 841-848 doi:10.1139/v76-122
Criddle, A. J., Stanley, C. J. (1993) Data file. In Quantitative Data File for Ore Minerals. Springer Netherlands. p.1-635. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1486-8_1p.303
Yashunsky, Y.V., Rasulova, S.D., Necheljustov, G.I., Rjabeva, E.G., Batulin, S.A. (1996) New data on Krutaite, CuSe2. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva, 125(3), 60–6.
Kontani, M (2000) Specific heat and NMR studies on the pyrite-type superconductors CuS2 and CuSe2. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 284. 675-676 doi:10.1016/s0921-4526(99)02353-4
(2005) Krut'aite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Burke, Ernst A. J. (2008) Tidying up mineral names: an IMA-CNMNC scheme for suffixes, hyphens and diacritical marks. The Mineralogical Record, 39 (2) 131-135

Localities for KruťaiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina
 
  • La Rioja Province
    • General Lamadrid Department
      • Villa Castelli
        • Sierra de Cacho
Brodtkorb (2002)
Paar (1996)
  • Mendoza Province
    • Luján de Cuyo department
      • Cacheuta District
pers. comm. Frank Keutsch (ID: SEM/EDS refl. light) +1 other reference
          • Cerro de Cacheuta
Bindi et al. (2016) +1 other reference
Bolivia
 
  • Potosí
    • Antonio Quijarro Province
      • Porco Municipality
doi:10.3390/min7050068 +3 other references
Brazil
 
  • Goiás
    • Cavalcante
Menez +3 other references
  • Pará
    • Curionópolis
Berni et al. (2016)
China
 
  • Hubei
    • Enshi Autonomous Prefecture (E'xi Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Enshi Co.
Zhu +10 other references
      • Xuan'en Co.
Hu et al. (2025)
  • Xinjiang
    • Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture
      • Chabucha'er Xibo Co. (Qapqal Xibe Co.; Chapchal Shibe Co.)
Dai et al. (2015)
Czech Republic
 
  • South Bohemian Region
    • Písek District
      • Kovářov
        • Předbořice
Bindi et al. (2016)
  • Vysočina Region
    • Žďár nad Sázavou District
      • Nové Město na Moravě
Kvaček +1 other reference
Germany
 
  • Lower Saxony
    • Göttingen District
      • Harz (Landkreis Göttingen)
Wittern (2001)
Jordan
 
  • Irbid Governorate
    • Maqarin area
Pitty et al. (2010)
USA
 
  • California
    • Inyo County
      • Inyo Mts (Inyo Range)
        • Malpais Mesa
Adams (2016) +1 other reference
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